laravel-admin列表中取多对多中间表字段

一个场景，学校可以开多门课程，一个学生可以选多门课，同时一门课可以被多个学生选择，这样就属于多对多的关系，然后这门课老师后期还要给学生成绩，记录到课情况，这样这些信息就得记录在中间表中。展示的时候得把这些中间表字段进行展示

### 数据库设计
课程表
```php
<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

/**
 * 课程实验项目表
 * Class CreateChaptersTable
 */
class CreateChaptersTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('chapters', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->unsignedInteger('course_id');
            $table->string('name');
            $table->tinyInteger('question_num')->comment('题目数量');
            $table->tinyInteger('active')->default(0)->comment('状态:1发布中，0未发布');
            $table->date('start_at')->comment('上课起始时间')->nullable();
            $table->date('end_at')->comment('上课结束时间')->nullable();
            $table->tinyInteger('chapter_type')->default(0)->comment('项目类型 0正常项目 1补考项目');

$table->timestamps();
        });
    }

/**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('chapters');
    }
}

```

学生表
```php
<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Carbon\Carbon;

/**
 * 学生表
 * Class CreateStudentsTable
 */
class CreateStudentsTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('students', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->string('student_number')->comment('学号')->unique();
            $table->string('nickname')->comment('昵称')->nullable();
            $table->enum('gender',['男','女'])->comment('性别')->nullable();
            $table->unsignedInteger('department_id')->comment('学院id')->nullable();
            $table->unsignedInteger('class_id')->comment('班级id')->nullable();
            $table->timestamp('enter_time')->comment('入学时间')->nullable();
            $table->tinyInteger('active')->comment('账号状态：1正常，0冻结')->default(1);
            $table->string('password');
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

/**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('students');
    }
}

```

中间表
```php
<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

/**
 * 选课-预考核-预约-上课-评教
 * Class CreateStudentChaptersTable
 */
class CreateStudentChaptersTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('student_chapters', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->unsignedInteger('chapter_id');
            $table->unsignedInteger('student_id');

$table->unsignedInteger('batch_id')->nullable()->comment('批次id');;
            $table->unsignedInteger('reservation_date_id')->nullable()->comment('预约日期id');
            $table->date('reservation_date')->nullable()->comment('预约日期');
            $table->unsignedInteger('sit_num')->nullable()->comment('座位号');
            $table->unsignedInteger('status')->default(0)->comment('状态 0未上（开）课 1正常 2迟到 ');
            $table->timestamp('attend_time')->comment('上课打卡的时间')->nullable();
            $table->timestamp('over_time')->comment('下课打卡的时间')->nullable();

$table->unsignedInteger('operation_score')->default(0)->comment('操作分');
            $table->unsignedInteger('report_score')->default(0)->comment('报告分');

$table->timestamps();
        });
        \DB::statement("ALTER TABLE `student_chapters` comment ''");
    }

/**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('student_chapters');
    }
}

```

### 模型
学生模型student.php
```php
    //该生预约的实验课及其日期批次信息
    public function chapter()
    {
        return $this->belongsToMany(Chapter::class, 'student_chapters')->withPivot(
            'batch_id',
            'reservation_date_id',
            'reservation_date',
            'sit_num',
            'status',
            'attend_time',
            'over_time'
        );
    }
```

课程模型Chapter.php
```php
    public function students()
    {
        return $this->belongsToMany(Student::class, 'student_chapters','chapter_id')->withPivot(            'batch_id',
            'reservation_date_id',
            'reservation_date',
            'sit_num',
            'status',
            'attend_time',
            'over_time');
    }
```

### laravel-admin控制器修改
课程控制器ChapterController.php
列表grid方法里面
```php
  $grid->actions(function ($actions) use ($courseId) {
                $keyId = $actions->getKey();
                $actions->prepend('<br>');
                $actions->prepend('<a href="/admin/course/chapter/' . $keyId . "/student" . '">实验课学生管理</a>');
                $actions->disableDelete();
            });
```
添加路由routes.php
```
    $router->resource('course/chapter/{chapter_id}/student','Lab\Course\ChapterStudentController');//实验项目的学生
```
这门实验课的学生ChapterStudentController.php
```php
<?php

namespace App\Admin\Controllers\Lab\Course;

use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
use App\Models\Chapter;
use Encore\Admin\Controllers\ModelForm;
use Encore\Admin\Layout\Content;
use Encore\Admin\Facades\Admin;
use Encore\Admin\Grid;
use Encore\Admin\Form;
use function foo\func;

class ChapterStudentController extends Controller
{
    use ModelForm;
    public $chapterId;

/**
     * Index interface.
     *
     * @return Content
     */
    public function index($chapterId)
    {
        return Admin::content(function (Content $content) use ($chapterId) {

$content->header('实验课学生');
            $content->description('列表');

$content->body($this->grid($chapterId));
        });
    }

/**
     * Edit interface.
     *
     * @param $id
     * @return Content
     */
    public function edit($id)
    {
        return Admin::content(function (Content $content) use ($id) {

$content->header('实验课学生');
            $content->description('编辑');

$content->body($this->form()->edit($id));
        });
    }

/**
     * Make a grid builder.
     *
     * @return Grid
     */
    protected function grid($chapterId)
    {
	#传入的模型改为Chapter::find($chapterId)
        return Admin::grid(Chapter::find($chapterId), function (Grid $grid) {
		#找到该课所有student
            $grid->model()->students();

$grid->id('ID')->sortable();
            $grid->nickname('姓名');

#获取pivot
            $grid->pivot('座位号')->display(function ($pivot) {
                return $pivot['sit_num'];
            });

#获取预约日期
            $grid->reservation_date('预约日期')->display(function () {
                return $this->pivot['reservation_date'];
            });

$grid->batch_id('批次')->display(function () {
                $batch_id = $this->pivot['batch_id'];
            });

$grid->attend_time('上课打卡时间')->display(function () {
                return $this->pivot['attend_time'];
            });

$grid->attend_time('下课打卡时间')->display(function () {
                return $this->pivot['over_time'];
            });

$grid->filter(function ($filter) {
                $filter->disableIdFilter();
            });

});
    }
}

```

laravel-admin列表中取多对多中间表字段

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